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Study of Chinese Learners' Pedagogical Choices in Korean CLKs' awareness and ability to make use of relational affordances and the learner-internal aspects, were crucial. For instance the RIs of TS and ZL both mentioned their relationships with their local professors as a significant factor in their pragmatic choice to avoid criticising a strict professor (see the example 2). This article examines all local pragmatic research on Korean published until 2020. It focuses on key practical issues, including: Discourse Construction Tests The discourse completion test is a popular tool in pragmatic research. It has many advantages but it also has a few disadvantages. The DCT is one example. It is unable to account for cultural and individual variations. Additionally, the DCT is prone to bias and can lead to overgeneralizations. Therefore, it is important to analyze it carefully prior to using it for research or assessment purposes. Despite its limitations the DCT is a valuable instrument to study the relationship between prosody, information structure and non-native speakers. Its ability in two or more stages to alter social variables related to politeness is a plus. This can assist researchers to study the role played by prosody in communication across cultural contexts, a major challenge in cross-cultural pragmatics. In the field linguistics, DCT is one of the most effective tools used for analyzing communication behaviors of learners. It can be used to study many issues, such as manner of speaking, turn-taking, and lexical choices. It can be used to evaluate the phonological complexity of the learners speaking. Recent research used a DCT as a tool to assess the skills of refusal among EFL students. Participants were given a set of scenarios to choose from, and then asked to choose the appropriate response. The researchers found that the DCT was more effective than other refusal measures that included a questionnaire as well as video recordings. Researchers warned, however, that the DCT must be employed with caution. They also suggested using other methods for data collection. DCTs can be developed using specific language requirements, like form and content. These criteria are intuitive and based on the assumptions of test creators. They are not always precise and could misrepresent the way ELF learners respond to requests in real-world interactions. This issue requires further studies of different methods to assess refusal competence. A recent study examined DCT responses to requests submitted by students through email with those gathered from an oral DCT. The results revealed that the DCT encouraged more direct and conventionally indirect request forms, and a lesser use of hints than email data did. Metapragmatic Questionnaires (MQs) This study investigated Chinese learners making pragmatic choices when using Korean. It used various experimental tools including Discourse Completion Tasks, metapragmatic questions, and Refusal Interviews. 프라그마틱 체험 were 46 CLKs of upper-intermediate proficiency who gave responses to MQs and DCTs. They were also asked to reflect on their evaluation and refusal performances in RIs. The results showed that CLKs were more likely to reject native Korean pragmatic norms, and that their choices were influenced by four major factors that included their personalities, their multilingual identities, ongoing lives, and their relational advantages. These findings have pedagogical implications for L2 Korean assessment. First, the MQ data were analysed to determine the participants' rational choices. The data were classified according to Ishihara (2010)'s definition of pragmatic resistance. Then, we compared their choices made by the participants with their linguistic performance using DCTs to determine if they were indicative of a pragmatic resistance. Additionally, the participants were asked to justify their choice of pragmatic behavior in a particular scenario. The results of the MQs and DCTs were then analysed using descriptive statistics and Z-tests. The CLKs were found to employ euphemistic phrases such as “sorry” or “thank you”. This was probably due to their lack experience with the target languages, which led to an inadequate knowledge of korean's pragmatic norms. The results revealed that CLKs' preferences for either converging to L1 norms or dissociating from both L1 and L2 pragmatic norms varied by the DCT situations. In situations 3 and 12, CLKs preferred diverging from both L1- and L2-pragmatic norms, while in Situation 14 CLKs favored convergence to L1 norms. The RIs also revealed that the CLKs were aware their own pragmatism in each DCT situation. RIs were conducted on a one-to-one basis in the space of two days of the participants completing the MQs. The RIs were recorded and transcribed, and then coded by two independent coders. The code was re-coded repeatedly and involved the coders reading and discussing each transcript. The results of coding were compared to the original RI transcripts, giving an indication of how well the RIs were able to capture the fundamental behaviors. Interviews for refusal The key issue in research on pragmatics is: Why do certain learners decide to not accept native-speaker norms? Recent research attempted to answer this question with various experimental tools, including DCTs MQs and RIs. Participants included 46 CLKs and 44 CNSs from five Korean Universities. Participants were asked to complete the DCTs and MQs either in their L1 or L2. They were then invited to an RI where they were required to reflect and discuss their responses to each DCT situation. The results showed that, on average, the CLKs rejected native-speaker pragmatic norms in more than 40% of their responses. They did this despite the fact that they were able to create patterns that closely resembled natives. They were also aware of their pragmatic resistance. They attributed their choice to learner-internal factors such as their personality and multilingual identities. They also referred external factors, such as relational advantages. They also discussed, for instance how their relations with their professors enabled them to perform better in terms of the cultural and linguistic standards of their university. The interviewees expressed concerns about the social pressures or penalties they might face if their local social norms were not followed. They were concerned that their local friends might perceive them as “foreigners” and believe that they are not intelligent. This was a concern similar to the concerns voiced by Brown (2013) and Ishihara (2009). These findings suggest that native-speakers pragmatic norms aren't the default preference for Korean learners. They may still be useful for official Korean proficiency testing. But it is advisable for future researchers to reassess their relevance in specific scenarios and in different cultural contexts. This will help them better understand the impact of different cultures on the pragmatic behavior and classroom interactions of students in L2. Additionally this will allow educators to develop more effective methodologies to teach and test the korea's pragmatics. Seukhoon Paul Choi, principal advisor at Stratways Group in Seoul, is a geopolitical risk consultancy. Case Studies The case study method is a method that focuses on in-depth, participant-centered investigations to investigate a specific topic. It is a method that makes use of various sources of information to back up the findings, such as interviews, observations, documents, and artifacts. This type of investigation can be used to examine complicated or unique topics that are difficult for other methods to assess. The first step in the case study is to define the subject matter and the purpose of the study. This will allow you to identify which aspects of the topic must be investigated and which ones can be skipped. It is also beneficial to read the literature on to the subject to gain a broad understanding of the subject and place the case within a larger theoretical context. This case study was based upon an open-source platform called the KMMLU Leaderboard [50], and its Korean-specific benchmarks HyperCLOVA X, and LDCC Solar (figure 1 below). The results of this study showed that L2 Korean learners were particularly susceptible to the influence of native models. They were more likely to select incorrect answer options which were literal interpretations. 프라그마틱 무료스핀 was a deviance from a precise pragmatic inference. They also had a strong tendency of adding their own text or “garbage” to their responses. This lowered the quality of their answers. Additionally, the participants in this study were L2 Korean learners who had reached level 4 in the Test of Proficiency in Korean (TOPIK) at their second or third year of university and were aiming for level 6 in their next attempt. They were asked to answer questions regarding their WTC/SPCC and pragmatic awareness and comprehension. Interviewees were presented with two hypothetical situations that involved interaction with their counterparts and were asked to choose one of the strategies below to employ when making a demand. They were then asked to explain the reasoning behind their choice. The majority of participants attributed their lack of a pragmatic response to their personalities. TS for instance, claimed that she was difficult to get along with and was hesitant to inquire about her interlocutor's well-being when they were working at a high rate, even though she believed native Koreans would.